Water Conservation Essay Example for Free

Water Conservation Essay Will there be enough water for a more crowded world? The adult human uses on average about 100 gallons of water a day. Only about 2.5% of earth’s water is fresh and only 1% is actually attainable for usage. The available water on earth has not changed. The same water we have today has been recycled for millions of years, we are not gaining any more. The time to do something is now. In this essay I would like to remark on the past, present, and future of water conservation. We use much more water today than we ever did in the past. With new technologies and fashions, we use more and more water every year. Not only do we have luxuries that we didn’t have a hundred years ago, our world population has more than tripled since then. Yet our supply of water is not changing. Water has gone through the same replenishing cycle since our world began, and we are using more then ever. Now is the time to make sure we conserve. We have an obligation to our future. With world population growing at the rate it is, we must take precautions that those ahead of us don’t suffer because of our negligence. Water is life; the number one necessity for survival. Not only must we conserve now to prevent future problems, we need to teach the coming generations the importance of our water, that they in turn can make sure nothing will ever happen to bring about disaster in the form of water shortage. As we can see, water conservation is a much larger issue now than it ever was in the past. What we do now makes a difference. We must do all we can to make sure our future is safe. Water conservation is a practice in which people, companies, and governments attempt to reduce their water usage. The goal of water conservation may be to address an ongoing water shortage, or to make lifestyle modifications to be more environmentally friendly. In the late 20th century, water emerged as a major issue, especially in the developing world, where many people lack access to safe drinking water, and the issue of water conservation began to attract a great deal of attention. One of the most obvious reasons to practice water conservation is in a situation where water supplies are limited. An ongoing drought can restrict supply, as can a change in water policy, especially in an area where people are dependent on water from other places. Desert regions, for example, rely on water which is shipped, trucked, or moved through aqueducts, so distant policy decisions can directly impact the amount of water which can be accessed in these areas. Water conservation may also be practiced in response to rising water prices. The cost of water is usually contingent on how easy it is to access, how far it must be transported to reach the end consumer, and how much it needs to be processed in order to be rendered safe. Water treatment can get extremely expensive, causing water prices to rise, and water prices also grow when water supplies are tight. From an economic standpoint, water conservation keeps water bills down to a manageable level, and it frees up water for other uses. Some people encourage the practice of water conservation because they would like to promote the sustainable use of water. While water is a renewable resource in a sense, every time fresh potable water is used, it takes a long time for that water to re-enter the water supply, as it may become contaminated by chemicals, bio hazardous materials, and so forth, requiring extensive cleanup before it can be re-used. Using water for things like gardens, car washing, and industrial production may be frowned upon in some communities where people would prefer to reduce the overall amount of water they use so that clean water will be available to future generations and other regions of the world. A water conservation order may be issued to oblige citizens to conserve water in some communities. Conservation orders are often issued when water supplies are low, and officials are worried about running out. They may also be used to mandate water conservation for environmental reasons. Typically, water conservation orders restrict water use by setting rules about how and when water can be used.

The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay -- The Crucible Arthur Miller Essa

The Crucible by Arthur Miller Arthur Miller was an American playwright who was born in 1915. He grew up in New York to a Jewish family. He graduated from the University of Michigan in 1938 where he began to distinguish himself as a playwright. His first plays were Honors at Dawn (1936) and No Villain (1937) which won the University of Michigan Hopwood Awards. His Death of a Salesman won the Pulitzer prize in 1949. Miller wrote The Crucible in 1953 during the McCarthy period when Americans were accusing each other of Pro-Communist beliefs. Many of Miller’s friends were being attacked as communists and in 1956, Miller himself was brought before the House of Un-American Activities Committee where he was found guilty of beliefs in communism. The verdict was reversed in 1957 in an appeals court. Miller married Marylin Monroe in 1956 but divorced her in 1961. The Crucible is set against the backdrop of the mad witch hunts of the Salem witch trials in the late 17th century. It is about a town, after accusations from a few girls, which begins a mad hunt for witches that did not exist. Many townspeople were hanged on charges of witchcraft. Miller brings out the absurdity of the incident with the theme of truth and righteousness. The theme is conveyed through the struggles of Miller’s main character, John Proctor. Summary Act one begins with Reverend Parris praying over her daughter, Betty Parris, who lies unconscious on her bed. Through conversations between Reverend Parris and his niece Abigail Williams, and between several girls, the audience learns that these girls, including Abigail and Betty, were engaged in occultic activities in the forest lead by Tituba, Parris’ slave from Barbados. Parris caug... ... became more pure than the common Puritans, dying as a martyr like the original apostles. He learned what truth meant through his suffering. Through Proctor’s struggle, Miller displays the struggles within each of our own hearts. Many times we have witnessed some wrong happening to some other person and wished not to get involved. However, sometimes, like Proctor, there might be something that forces us in. Would we be quit after only saving our wife like Proctor could have done, or would we go for the entire community as Proctor did? Conclusion The story reminds its readers of an ugly blemish on human history. It reminds us that man is not perfect, and that we can make mistakes. However, even with these mistakes, we can cleanse ourselves and purify ourselves by making what is wrong right. The sufferings become to the sufferer like a crucible.

Cultural experience Essay

In preparation for this reflection, I began by thinking about what cultural event I would most like to attend, what would work for the assignment and what would also benefit me in my personal life by actually forcing me out of my comfort zone to experience things I never have before. Because Christianity is such a huge part of my life I immediately thought I would want to do something based on another religion since I’ve never really gone out of my religious comfort zone, but for this assignment I chose to go to a gay bar. The reason I chose to do this was because I have been raised as a Christian, I grew up in a very conservative town and while I support gay rights being around gay people is still something that is foreign and a little bit uncomfortable for me. My roommate also chose to use going to the gay bar for an assignment for her human sexuality class, so while knowing that I would have my roommate going with me made me a little bit more comfortable I still knew that t his would be something that pushed me way out of my comfort zone. We both live in Elkhart, Indiana so while we were home for spring break a gay friend of my roommates offered to take us to a club called â€Å"Metro† which is an 18 plus gay bar located in Kalamazoo, Michigan which is about 45 minutes away. Before going to the gay bar I was so nervous. As mentioned before, while I support gay rights I have not necessarily ever been exposed to them and I wasn’t sure at all what to expect. The bar that we went too isn’t strictly a gay bar so there would most likely be other straight people there but I had no idea how exactly to prepare myself for the situation. Because we were going with my roommate’s friend, who is gay, I knew I would feel a little more comfortable since we weren’t just walking in completely unprepared. I was worried what people would think of me when I went, if they would assume that I was gay. I didn’t know if it was normal for gay’s to take straight  friends with them, I was worried about how people would judge me. As I began to get ready for the night I wasn’t really too worried about what to wear, I just wore something that I would normally wear to go out but mentally I was less prepared than ever. I had no idea how I was supposed to act, what if it was awkward once I got there. Before we went my roommate and I met up with her gay friend and several of his friends. His friend group contained a mix of both gay and straight men and women who would be going to the bar with us so I immediately felt more comfortable, knowing that I wouldn’t be the only straight one other than my roommate. I expected the ride there to be awkward, considering I didn’t know anyone other than my roommate and she didn’t know anyone other than the one guy and me, but instead they were all so friendly and told us not to be nervous. Because we were going on a Saturday night they explained to us that there would probably be more gay’s there than the other nights of the week/weekend but that didn’t mean they would assume we were gay, and people were usually pretty good about asking before they hit on you. After the 45 minute drive there we finally arrived and walked in. As we walked in a realized that it wasn’t any different than any other bar would be (not that I’ve been in that many since I’m only 19) full of people, d ancing, music and drinking. The inside of the building was pretty big and there was plenty of room. Almost everybody there was dancing. The people we came with were all over 21 so they all went and got drinks while my roommate and I just hung out. It was a little overwhelming at first. There were definitely a lot of gay people around, dancing together, standing at the bar flirting, and just hanging out with groups of people. Eventually we started to loosen up a little bit, while I didn’t really talk and get to know a lot of gay people I was complimented by a lot of them. During our time there we pretty much just hung out and danced in the group that we came with. A few of the people that we came with went off and danced with other people, but because I still felt a little uncomfortable and awkward we didn’t really venture to far apart from our group and go dance with anyone else or anything. I think it would have a been a very different experience if we had gone when w e were 21 and could drink at the bar, I think it would have changed the experience a little bit. We arrived at the bar at a little bit after 10 which is when the dance floor opened and stayed until around 1 in the morning. Examine The part of this experience that was the most compelling to me was almost the sense of community that I felt was just there between the gay community. Like there were a lot of groups of people there that night that didn’t even know each other, but you would never guess that by the way they acted like they had been friends for years. Even towards me and my roommate who they didn’t know, was just some straight stranger walking in and â€Å"observing† them they were so nice and accepting. They were willing to let us into their environment, knowing that we were not a part of it and I felt no judgment or anything. My fears that I had felt earlier in the day before going were put to rest, while some people were unusually friendly to me no girls really tried to hit on me, which was really relieving. As mentioned above, the most shocking thing I noticed was the community, or the way they socialized with and accepted themselves and each other. I think that at the roots of everything its amazing how well they have a grasp on who they are, and who they want others to see them. Because being gay is looked down upon in many parts of our society that makes them part of an oppressed group. Not only are gay’s an oppressed group but I also saw varying degrees of sexism. Because the gay community also includes transgender people as well. This forced me to think past my original understanding of gender. On page 318 of the book it talks about how gender is a social construct, meaning that gender is something that society defines which was really different when you read about it and see it in person. In person seeing someone who doesn’t associate with the â€Å"gender† they are born with is something that you don’t really understand until you experience it in person. Articulate Learning By attending this event I learned a lot more about the gay community than I could ever learn from a textbook. They really are a very close knit community. Their community is a lot different than what we observe in our day to day life. In normal everyday life when we see members of the gay community on the street they are treated differently, they are looked out as outcasts and they are oppressed but seeing them in this environment gave me an entirely differently outlook on them and made me respect them a lot more. The reason this matters is because I am certain that there are other people just like me who feel uncomfortable, uneasy and unsure around people that they haven’t really been around before. Because of the way I was raised I was taught to believe being gay was wrong, so I was never really around them very often so I was unexposed and uneducated about them entirely. I think it was really good for me to experience this because it made me realize that they really aren’t that different than everyone else. The most important thing I took away from this experience was that contrary to what I personally have been taught to believe, what society has forced us to think they are not horrible awful people. They are people just like me who have been oppressed and faced many challenges to get to where they’re at now and they still don’t receive the respect and benefits that they deserve in our country. I took away that it is important for me to for that very reason it is important for me to form my own beliefs and not just go off of what everyone around me has told me. References Adams, M. (2007). Introduction. In Adams M., Blumenfeld W.J., Castaà ±eda C.R., Hackman H.W., Peters M.L., & Zà ºÃƒ ±iga X., Readings for Diversity and Social Justice. New York: Routledge.

Public Policy Is An Objective Oriented Action Plan

Public policy is an objective-oriented action plan that the government pursues in handling various problems facing the country. The design and application of public policy in the country derives its rationale from the laws. Despite this feature, individuals that are not legislators often set public policy. The government agencies, individuals, and groups that fail to comply with public policies are subject to legal penalties. The power of formulating public policy incorporates division between vast arrays of entities. Defense policy serves as an excellent example in this context. For instance, following the Japanese attacks on Pearl Harbor, the president conducted a joint session of Congress to seek the declaration of war. This process,†¦show more content†¦At the other end of this continuum, the setting of public policies to dictate all the actions of individuals would result in producing a society based on extreme order. In both contexts, the option of enjoying the existin g order or liberty to full extent is impossible without the attainment of adequate balance. At the extreme points, the scope or number of public policies can play an important role in the maximization of order and liberty. This perspective leads to the alternate description of the public policy. Public policy refers to the procedures through which the political establishment balances the need for creating a structured environment and provisions of freedom. Within such an environment, the political establishment can provide mechanisms through which to enjoy the freedoms in a meaningful manner. These policies are developed in order to act as checks for the role of government towards its citizens. The waging of debates relating to social policy usually occurs on two fundamental levels. The big picture perspective encompasses the philosophical and practical implementation levels. From a philosophical standpoint, people may highlight differences in their support for the inaction or actio n of the government in relation to the priority they place order, liberty or democracy. The opposing views that characterize this scenario have deep roots as well as considerable implications for the ways politicians and

Killer Angels Essay - 714 Words

Killer Angels The pain, joy, bloodshed, death, and sorrow of the Civil War are all contained in the book called, The Killer Angels. This book will show you the thoughts, feelings and actions of many of the leaders of both armies. By reading this book you will get an in depth view of the bloodiest days of the Civil War. Even if you know absolutely nothing about this war, you can still read and understand everything that is portrayed. This story not only gives you the view of many of the major leaders, but it also gives you the maps an strategies used in this war. It also shows you the conflicts in making these strategies. This book has inspired many, but the true question is will it inspire you? Reading this book will cause†¦show more content†¦Those details keep the reader in the game, so to speak. Another one of the authors man ideas is using the leaders in separate points of view. In every chapter there was a different leader and his point of view. This showed how everyone felt about each battle or occurrence. The author did not attempt to sway the reader to one army or the other. He let the reader choose whose side he or she was on. Michael Shaara does not ever describe army or the other as the bad guys or the good guys. The strategies and tactics used during this war were described in detail. The more important thing described, however, is not the actual strategy, but who made these strategies and what the other leaders thought of them. When General Lee decided to attack the enemy head on instead of going around them, not everyone agreed with the plan. Longstreet, for one, thought that they should have gone around the enemy and hit them from the back. These conflicts were great to see because it showed that everything was not going in perfect unison. It showed that these strategies we not always etched in stone. These plans had the potential to be changed many times. No successful strategy has gone uncontested and unchanged. All of the things that were said and done in the book are all at least somewhat true. Although, many of theShow MoreRelatedEssay On Killer Angels1776 Words   |  8 PagesKiller Angels is a 1974 historical novel by Michael Shaara. The book tells the story of the Battle of Gettysburg in the American Civil War. The novel is told through the voices of both Union army and Confederate Army of Northern Virginia leaders who were in battle there. The novel is laid out in days and each new chapter for the day gives a number and the name of the man who is the focus of the chapter. In Killer Angels, the Army of Northern Virginia’s demise is highlighted by a few different featuresRead More Killer Angels Essay2541 Words   |  11 Pages The Killer Angels The Battle of Gettysburg brought the dueling North and South together to the small town of Gettysburg and on the threshold of splitting the Union. 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Renewable Energy Vs. Solar Thermal Power Plants - 1977 Words

2.1. Introduction The limited resources of non-renewable energy and the fluctuation of fuel price have forced the world to find clean and economical natural energy resources by means of renewable energy. Solar energy is a sustainable alternative option that can be utilized in various ways and can be used in many applications. The world has experienced enormous enlargement in energy and fuel consumption with lacking of energy resources. Moreover, the finite fossil fuel resource could not cope up with the increasing energy demand. According to the World Health Organization, air pollution is now the world’s largest single environmental health risk. Lately, the statistics have shown that air pollution is responsible for approximately two million deaths a year [1]. Conventional power plants are the major source of air pollutions due to toxic emissions such as carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide. Alternative power plants that work on renewable resources have been dedicated for this purpose. 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Networking Technologies Journal of Computer Science Issues

Question: Describe about the Networking Technologies for Journal of Computer Science Issues. Answer: Advantages and disadvantages of bus, mesh and star physical topologies Topologies Advantages Disadvantages BUS Example: 10base-5 (ThickNet) and 10Base-2 (ThinNet) It is easier to connect a peripheral or a computer to a linear bus. It is well-suited for small networks. It is cheaper to implement (Heidarifar Ghasemi, 2016, p. 250). It cannot be used as a single standalone solution. If there is a break in the main cable, then entire network will shut down. Isolating faults within the network nodes is difficult. MESH Example: WAN and Internet This network consists of many alternate paths for data transmission and therefore the entire network does not shut down due to a failure of a single node. It is easy to identify faults due to point-to-point of contact between each pair of nodes. It is possible to send and receive data from one node to several other nodes at the same time owing to the design of the network (Pandya, 2013). The maintenance and costs incurred are high since a lot of cabling are required. A mesh network is complex and therefore, its administration is difficult. In this network, the node of one network is connected to all other nodes in the network, many of them have no significant use which contributes to network connection redundancy. STAR Example: LocalTalk or Ethernet The topology possesses lesser security risk as the analysis of traffic is easy. Detection of faults in the network devices is easy because of the centralized nature of the network. Traffic load is handled better with good speeds because of the high-capacity central hub. The data does not pass through many nodes in this network (Goyal, Ram, Dua, 2016, p. 11). Extra hardware is required, and therefore cost of setup runs high. The capacity of the central hub dictates the number of nodes that can be added. The entire of operation of the network depends on the central hub; hence, failure entire network fails if the central hub experiences failure. Explanation of OSI model is better than the TCP/IP model. Reason it hasn't taken over from the TCP/IP model OSI model is better than TCP/IP model because: The standard of OSI is protocol independent and generic, while the TCP/IP model is created on standard protocols. Compared to TCP/IP, OSI provides a wide variety of choice. Its universal platform means OSI works on any operating system. iii. Product functionality is interpreted at every stage of the OSI layer. For security purpose, OSI encrypts the data. Compression and expansion of messages are made less complicated so that messages travel efficiently from one device to another. The addition of multiple network models is easy (Edwards Bramante, 2015). The Internet was originally planned to be built on the OSI model, but it failed due to politics, bad implementation, technology and bad timing. When TCP/IP model was completed at that time, a lot of money and time had been already invested in OSI model. The presentation and session layers were empty while the data link layer was clogged. TCP/IP was more reliable than OSI and supported Unix, which was used in academia. Eventually, OSI model became a poor model; it was discarded, and TCP/IP was adopted (Bora, Bora, Singh, Arsalan, 2014). Fig 1: TCP/IP and OSI model (Source: Heidarifar Ghasemi, 2016, p. 250) Calculation of approximate bit rate and signal level(s) for a 3.5 MHz bandwidth system with a signal to noise ratio of 133 Capacity of Channel: Comparison of IPv4 and IPv6 private addressing. Reason behind same private addresses in different locations causes conflict on the Internet Ali (2012) opined that, all the addresses of IPv4 (Internet Version Protocol 4) are public except three address ranges which are private (p. 315). The private addresses are designed by IETF RFC. Private addresses cannot be used on the Internet and are mainly used organizations. It has a 32-bit address and a total of 232 addresses. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is used for mapping IPv4 address to MAC addresses. IPv6 (Internet Version Protocol 6) addresses are temporary and public and are designated by RFC 3041. IPv6 addresses can be globally routed through the Internet and are meant to shield the client's identity during communication. The IPv6 addresses are temporary and therefore, it does not possess a valid MAC address. Both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses look almost similar. IPv6 is a 128-bit address and allows a total of 3.4 x 1038 addresses. In IPv6, ARP is replaced by Neighbor Discovery Protocol or NDP (Cui, Wu, Wu, Vautrin, Lee, 2013). To enable traffic from hosts using private addresses to access internet hosts utilizing a public address, NAT or Network Address Translation is used. NAT allows the conversion of private addresses to public addresses to connect to the Internet. Public addresses are costly and are limited and are therefore only allocated by the ISP. Same private addresses can be multiple times in different networks. Hence, private addresses do not cause conflict on the Internet (Zimu, Wei, Yujun, 2012). RFC1939, a POP3 session is one of the following states: closed, authorization, transaction or update. Diagram showing these four states and how POP3 moves between them Fig 2: Finite State Machine of Post Office Protocol (POP3) (Source: Gellens, Newman, Yao, Fujiwara, 2013) POP3 is a client/server protocol. A POP3 session starts by contacting POP3 server by a POP3 client by making a TCP connection in the Authorization state. When the authentication is successful, the client does mail access transactions in the Transaction state. When the action is finished, the session is closed down by the client and automatically Update state is entered. In Update state, the POP3 session ends after the cleanup functions are completed (Gellens, Newman, Yao, Fujiwara, 2013). Explanation of Distributed Hash Table (DHT) and its use in P2P networks DHT or Distributed Hash Tables are algorithms used in current P2P applications to provide a fault tolerant, scalable, reliable, and efficient way to handle peer-to-peer networks. They are used in P2P applications to keep and fetch data efficiently (Zhang Li, 2014). He, Dong, Zhao, Wang, Qiang (2016) stated that, to control the P2P network, DHTs maintain a centralized server instead of a decentralized server. The system, therefore, is composed of different parts (p. 61). In P2P network, DHTs accomplish data retrieval and routing in logarithmic time and is fast. DHT makes the system quite robust which it can withstand from large-scale attacks. P2P using DHTs are true P2P applications. Another reason being DHT is employed in P2P network is that P2P applications and networks operate differently from conventional applications, as they centralize critical data which create issues. In DHT P2P, every node in the network is assigned a Globally Unique Identifier or GUID. Example: BitTorrent utilizes DHT or distributed sloppy hash table, to keep trackers torrents peer contact information. Hence, each tracker is a peer. It is implemented over UDP and is based on Kademila. DHT stores the location of peers in its nodes. 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